Biography of A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Full Name: Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam
Born: October 15, 1931, Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, India
Died: July 27, 2015, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Known As: “Missile Man of India,” “People’s President”
Early Life and Education
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was born into a modest Tamil Muslim family in Rameswaram. His father was a boat owner, and his mother was a homemaker. Despite economic challenges, Kalam’s early years were marked by hard work and a deep desire for education. He distributed newspapers to support his family and fund his schooling.
Kalam completed his primary education in Rameswaram and later graduated in physics from St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli. Inspired by aeronautics, he pursued a degree in aerospace engineering from the Madras Institute of Technology (MIT).
Career as a Scientist
Abdul Kalam began his career at the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) but soon moved to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), where he made significant contributions to satellite launch vehicle technology. Kalam was instrumental in the success of India’s Rohini satellite launch in 1980, marking a pivotal moment for the Indian space program.
He returned to DRDO, leading India’s missile development program. Under his leadership, the Agni and Prithvi missiles were successfully tested, earning him the title “Missile Man of India.” His work was pivotal in making India self-reliant in defense technology.
Role in India’s Nuclear Program
Kalam played a crucial role in the Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998, which established India as a nuclear power. His involvement in this high-stakes operation brought him into the national spotlight as a symbol of scientific progress and national pride.
President of India (2002–2007)
In 2002, A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was elected as the 11th President of India with overwhelming support from political parties and the public. Known as the “People’s President,” he connected deeply with students and young people, often encouraging them to dream big and pursue science and innovation.
During his tenure, he focused on national development and education, emphasizing technology’s role in empowering the nation.
Later Life and Legacy
After leaving office, Kalam remained active as a public speaker, educator, and mentor. He visited numerous universities, inspiring students with his vision for India’s future as a developed nation by 2020. His books, particularly “Wings of Fire”, became a source of motivation for millions.
On July 27, 2015, Kalam passed away while delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Shillong. His sudden death was mourned nationwide, with tributes flowing in from leaders, students, and citizens.
Contributions and Recognition
- Awards: Kalam received several prestigious honors, including the Padma Bhushan (1981), Padma Vibhushan (1990), and Bharat Ratna (1997), India’s highest civilian award.
- Books: His autobiography “Wings of Fire” and inspirational works such as “Ignited Minds” and “India 2020” continue to influence readers.
- Inspiration to Youth: Throughout his life, Kalam emphasized the importance of dreams, hard work, and scientific innovation, leaving an enduring impact on India’s youth.
Conclusion
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam’s life remains a testament to perseverance, humility, and dedication to the nation. From a small town boy to a renowned scientist and beloved president, his journey epitomizes the power of dreams and the impact of lifelong learning. His legacy continues to inspire millions to this day.
